According to the National Institute of Health, Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurological and developmental condition that impacts how individuals communicate, interact with others, learn, and behave. While autism can be diagnosed at any age, it is classified as a “developmental disorder” because its symptoms typically emerge within the first two years of life. Autism is referred to as a “spectrum” disorder because the type and severity of symptoms vary widely among individuals.

ASD can affect people of all genders, races, ethnicities, and socioeconomic backgrounds. Although it is often a lifelong condition, treatments and support services can help improve symptoms and enhance daily functioning. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends universal screening for autism in children. Caregivers are encouraged to discuss ASD screening and evaluations with their child’s healthcare provider.

https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/autism-spectrum-disorders-asd

• Repeating actions or exhibiting unusual behaviors, such as repeating words or phrases (known as echolalia).
• Developing intense, lasting interests in specific topics, such as numbers, details, or facts.
• Focusing excessively on particular objects or parts of objects, such as moving components.
• Struggling with changes in routine and transitions, often becoming upset by minor disruptions.
• Having heightened or diminished sensitivity to sensory inputs, such as light, sound, textures, or temperature.

• Challenges with communication and social interaction.
• Restricted interests and repetitive behaviors.
• Symptoms that interfere with functioning in school, work, or daily life.
• Sleep difficulties and irritability

• Making little or inconsistent eye contact
• Appearing not to look at or listen to people who are talking
• Infrequently sharing interest, emotion, or enjoyment of objects or activities (including infrequent pointing at or showing things to others)
• Not responding or being slow to respond to one’s name or to other verbal bids for attention
• Having difficulties with the back and forth of conversation
• Often talking at length about a favorite subject without noticing that others are not interested or without giving others a chance to respond
• Displaying facial expressions, movements, and gestures that do not match what is being said
• Having an unusual tone of voice that may sound sing-song or flat and robot-like
• Having trouble understanding another person’s point of view or being unable to predict or understand other people’s actions
• Difficulties adjusting behaviors to social situations
• Difficulties sharing in imaginative play or in making friends

https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/autism-spectrum-disorders-asd